Spousal Support: Where do you file?

Virginia law allows you to file for spousal support two different ways. Each of these different methods of filing for spousal support require different burdens of proof and may have different results.

What are these two options, and which one is best for you?

Spousal Support: Juvenile and Domestic Relations Court ("JDR Court")

You can ask for spousal support prior to filing for divorce in Virginia. This is accomplished by requested spousal support through the JDR Court. There are several benefits of filing for support in the JDR Court.

The first major benefit is that you can ask for support prior to filing for divorce. This allows you to maintain your lifestyle while you wait the required time to file for divorce. Virginia requires you to wait a period of time between six (6) months and one (1) year depending on the circumstances of your case. However, you are likely to have considerable expenses during that time since one of you will have to move out.

The second major benefit is that there is a presumed amount of support in JDR Court. The JDR Court uses a calculus to determine the amount of support that is required based upon the incomes of the parties.

The downside of seeking support in JDR Court is that it will likely exacerbate the dispute between you and your spouse. It increases the likelihood that your spouse will seek a fault based grounds of divorce.

Spousal Support: Circuit Court

You can also ask for support as part of your divorce proceedings. There are several benefits of seeking support in the Circuit Court.

The first benefit is that Circuit Court applies a more thorough test to determine the amount of spousal support that will be paid. The Circuit Court takes into account a number of factors when setting support. The Circuit Court also has the ability to increase or decrease support depending on the unique facts of each case.

The second benefit is that you will be filing for divorce at the same time as your request for spousal support. This speeds up the process, and is ideal if you want to have a speedy divorce.

The downside of filing in Circuit Court is that you must also satisfy all the requirements for a divorce. For example, you must have resided in Virginia for more than six (6) months and have been living separate and apart for a period of time.

Why You Need a Lawyer

A lawyer is important to have because the lawyer can advise you on which of these two options are best in your particular case. A lawyer can also help you prepare the documentation and financial information the Court will need to make a spousal support determination. Failure to hire a lawyer may result in reduced spousal support.

Custody and Visitation: Part 1

Custody and Visitation are two of the most common types of cases that Family Law attorneys will see. Custody deals with who the child should primarily live with and who should control where the child goes to school. Visitation deals with how often the non-custodial parent gets to see the child. Most of the questions that I get from clients involves some basic information that everyone should have when dealing with child custody and visitation. This is the first in a series that explains the process and common terms involved.

     The first thing that I want to talk about are the terms that we lawyers use when dealing with child custody. Terms are important, because the law is built on terms and words. Without understanding the terms behind the law, a judge may deny your petition and leave you without your child.Some common terms that you will run into when dealing with custody and visitation issues are jurisdiction, venue, and the best interests.

     Jurisdiction is a word that we lawyers invented to describe how courts are able to have power over you. There are two types of jurisdiction; subject matter and procedural. Subject matter jurisdiction deals with which of the three court types in Virginia will deal with your case; Juvenile and Domestic Relatoins Court, General District Court, or Circuit Court. I previously talked about the differences between these courts. Juvenile and Domestic Relations Courts are the ones that handle issues related to children. Sometimes the Circuit Court will hear issues of custody if they were the ones that handled the divorce process.

     Procedural jurisdiction is a fancy phrase that simply means; are you in the right area or state for your case? One of the largest issues that I see when dealing with interstate couples is deciding where to file for custody. There is an interstate law known as the UCCJEA that states actions should be brought where the child has lived for six months prior to the court case. If the child lives in Minnesota, you cannot normally bring a custody case in Virginia.

     The second major term is Venue. Venue deals with which of the courts is the best one within your area to bring the suit in. This is determined by connections with the surrounding area. For instance, if the child lives in Alexandria, VA for six months, you have jurisdiction in Virginia, and Venue is in Alexandria's Juvenile and Domestic Relations Court. There is a lot of law surrounding Venue, and it is best to speak with an attorney about this. A case may be transferred if you have the wrong Venue.

     Finally, the most important phrase of all is "the best interests of the child". First and foremost, the Court will always consider the interests of the child to be the most important factor in determining custody or visitation. These interests are written in the law, and your normal family lawyer will be able to tell you exactly what the court will consider when determining what is in the child's best interests.

     In the end, there are a lot of complicated terms used in Family Law. It is always best to get your own attorney to help you. However, this basic understanding will allow you to speak with the attorney to understand what is right for you.